Stavropol part. A historical-geographical area on the Russian Federation located in the central region off Subcaucasia, amongst the Kuban Lake (and Kuban area) into the western, the new Terek region into the southern area of, the new Wear region into northern, the latest Kalmyk Autonomous Republic to the northeast, plus the lands of your Caucasian slope individuals south and you can southwest. The fresh Stavropol area basically matches within the area toward previous Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 line, 59,five-hundred sq kilometer) together with afterwards Stavropol krai, quicker new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five hundred sq . km).
Physical topography. The top part of the Stavropol region was filled from the Stavropol Upland; the newest minor portion possess components of the latest Caspian Lowland in the east, the brand new Kuma-Manych Anxiety regarding the north, while the mountain tops of the Caucasus Mountains on southwest. The fresh environment of the Stavropol area is actually transitional, regarding temperate continental on the western so you’re able to more dry and more continental on eastern. voici leur site The larger of them are the Yegorlyk (which flows into Manych), the fresh Kalaus, the fresh new Kuma, while the Kuban and its top tributaries, new Velykyi Zelenchuk and Malyi Zelenchuk (get a hold of Zelenchuk rivers). River water can be used to have irrigation. Quick, mostly saline lakes are plentiful; the largest is the thin but 160-km-enough time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the centrally located Stavropol part stayed sparsely inhabited of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a great Turkic-talking some body) and you will Kalmyk individuals (a beneficial Mongol-talking category), who to each other designated from the 80,000
The fresh earth on the west and you can main area of the Stavropol region try various chernozems and you may chestnut grounds; toward east and you can northeast they be white chestnut. The newest absolute plants together with transform eastward that have decreasing moisture, away from meadow fescuefeather turf steppe in order to dead fescuefeather yard steppe after which semidesert herbs out of wormwood, inactive fescue, and feather lawn. On the far more moist area of the Stavropol Upland along with the latest Caucasus hills the newest pure plant life try forest-steppe that have oak-hornbeam-beech forests. Today both steppe as well as the forest-steppe are almost completely cleaned to own farming.
Records. Regarding the mid-16th century the fresh Caucasus plus the Stavropol region started initially to started on the connection with Muscovite colonization. On the 16th and you can seventeenth ages Subcaucasia educated the roots regarding Cossack colonization (the latest Wear Cossacks about western therefore the Terek Cossacks in the the newest eastern). Caucasian slope individuals, this new Karachai in addition to Cherkess, stayed in the brand new foothills of one’s part.
Early in the fresh eighteenth century the Stavropol area nominally turned into a portion of the Russian Empire. Long lasting settlements, however, weren’t centered before the history quarter of your century, when, into the 177780, the fresh new Russian bodies mainly based a line of forts, the new Mozdok-Azov range, with head office on Stavropol, to keep the Caucasian mountain individuals. From the 1785 the fresh new Stavropol part formed part of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated a gubernia in the 1802. Following the several name changes it absolutely was appointed as the Stavropol gubernia inside the 1847. The limits was fundamentally fixed into the 1861, whether or not it is broke up of Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and you will Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as the 1898) was not part of Caucasus krai.
Till the 1930s the newest Stavropol region are settled by the one another Ukrainians and you will Russians, and you can constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The fresh new Russian bodies advertised the latest quick colonization of the Stavropol part so you can introduce a base getting army tips on Caucasus. Element of you to definitely aim was accomplished by brand new granting of choice tracts away from homes to help you Russian noblemen, exactly who paid them with its serfs. A very high cause of colonization, but not, is actually the fresh natural payment by the county peasants who had been unimpeded from the new central authorities. Actually the newest imperial authorities legalized extant states to the ukase out-of 1804 and you will offered service to people who had compensated for the the new Stavropol part. By the end of one’s 1850s the people out of Stavropol gubernia had risen up to 340,000 (5.5 individuals for each and every sq . km). Their simply urban area, Stavropol, increased from around step 3,000 citizens within the 1800 to 17,600 residents when you look at the 1853. The absolute most heavily paid parts was indeed this new steppes between your Yegorlyk together with Kalaus rivers in addition to Kalaus River area. The populace away from Stavropol gubernia (along with Terek oblast) from inside the 1853 consisted of 48.7 percent Cossacks, 32 per cent condition peasants, sixteen.dos percent nomadic herders, and you can step three.1 percent serfs and others.
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